# Presence of super-heavy particles

Extensions of the SM can not only be present at the SUSY scale but also appear at much higher scales. These superheavy states have then only indirect effects on the SUSY phenomenology compared to the MSSM: they alter the RGE evolution and give a different prediction for the SUSY parameters. In addition, they can also induce higher dimensional operators which are important. SARAH provides features to explore models with superheavy states: it is possible to change stepwise the set of RGEs which is used to run the parameters numerically with SPheno. In addition, the most important thresholds are included at the scale $M_T$ at which the fields of mass $M$ are integrated out. These are the corrections to the gauge couplings and gaugino masses
\begin{aligned} g_A \rightarrow & g_A \left( 1\pm \frac{1}{16 \pi^2} g_A^2 S^A(r) \ln\left(\frac{M^2}{M_T^2}\right)\right),\\ M_A \rightarrow & M_A \left( 1\pm \frac{1}{16 \pi^2} g_A^2 S^A(r) \ln\left(\frac{M^2}{M_T^2}\right)\right). \end{aligned}
$S^A(r)$ is the Dynkin index of a superfield transforming as representation $r$ with respect to the gauge group $A$. When evaluating the RGEs from the low to the high scale the contribution is positive, when running down, it is negative. Eqs. ([eq:shift1])–([eq:shift2]) assume that the mass splitting between the components of the chiral superfield integrated out is negligible. That’s often a good approximation for very heavy states. Nevertheless, SARAH can also take into account the mass splitting among the components if necessary.